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Rec. BT.709 – High-definition basics
Title: “Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and international programme exchange”
Organisation: International Telecommunications Union
First approved: 1990
Latest revision: June 2015
Documents: BT.709 : Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and international programme exchange
If you've ever wondered why high-definition TV usually has 1920 by 1080 pixels and goes at 25 or 29.97 frames per second, this is the standard saying so. It's essentially comparable to (and in some ways based on) BT.601, which specifies the same things for standard definition TV and dates back to the early 80s.
Frame rates include both interlaced and progressive scan plus the fractional frame rates required for compatibility with US (and derivative) colour broadcast systems. Interlacing is something later standards started to overlook, possibly in favour of simply running progressive scan images at higher frame rates. Even so, 709 does actually specify progressive scan 60fps modes, making 1080p60 legal from a standards perspective. 709 specifies both 8-bit and 10-bit encoding, as well as the valid range of values within those ranges.
Among the more complicated things 709 specifies are the colour primaries and the ways to convert between different colour formats. It's easy enough to pick a red, a green and a blue. The ones given in 709 are based on those possible with CRT monitors, leaving us using colours we probably wouldn't have picked otherwise. The more complex part of it is the conversion between R'G'B' and Y'CrCb (usually just called YUV or component) encoding. The differences between (basically) RGB and YUV are easy to google and a bit beyond this article, but suffice to say that they're crucially important to colour accuracy. Furthermore, they're used in every camera which has HD-SDI output.
Rec. 2020 deliberately defines single-wavelength, monochromatic primaries right at the edge of the CIE diagram. This maximises the range of colour that can be represented, although it's unlikely that monitors (and extremely unlikely that cameras) capable of handling the entire range can be built. There have been rumours of monitors with coverage of over 90 percent using quantum dot technology (See: RedShark News, “Better lighting with quantum dots”) to produce very saturated primaries. The increase in bit depth specified is presumably intended to provide for more precision in encoding the wider colour gamut, as increasing the range of colour without increasing precision would risk quantisation noise (that is, banding) in areas of finely graduated colour.
Hombre, año tras año se ha visto que los paneles van cubriendo cada vez más rango de color. Veremos llegar un cubrimiento 100% de Rec.2020 en OLED?. Pues NI IDEA. Eso solo lo saben los fabricantes de los nuevos paneles.
Veremos como se presenta 2018 a ese respecto :-)
In consumer OLEDs, on the other hand, color volume suffers, because that type of display relies on a white sub-pixel to achieve peak brightness. Despite exceptional native contrast ratios, the technology has limits in terms of how bright it can get.
The result is that with bright scenes, colors lose their intensity. Consequently, these displays do not deliver the viewing experience the director intended. Plus, even 2017 OLEDs have a hard time displaying the 1000-nit highlights that most HDR is mastered to, and can only achieve it in a tiny area and for a limited time.
During numerous demos over the past year, I’ve seen QLED and LED-phosphor HDR TVs from Samsung, Sony, and Vizio in side-by-side comparisons with OLEDs. On every occasion, I noted that the better-looking image depended on what was showing. When dealing with HDR scenes full of vibrant colors, the benefits of a display with higher brightness and superior color volume becomes readily apparent.
Y te he respondido yo donde era xD
Hace un par de meses leí que guardianes de la galaxia 2 en su versión Dolby Vision para cines iba más allá del DCI P3. Lo contaban como realmente algo novedoso.